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領導動態
建設部副部長齊驥在2007年8月30日國務院新聞辦新聞發布會上的講話
瀏覽次數：2104中華人民共和國建設部副部長齊驥
2007年8月30日
女士們，先生們：
大家上午好！按照國務院新聞辦的安排，現在向大家介紹一下《國務院關于解決城市低收入家庭住房困難的若干意見》的起草情況和有關工作部署。
一、關于《若干意見》的起草過程和指導思想、基本原則
黨中央、國務院高度重視解決群眾的住房問題。改革開放以來，我國城鎮住房制度改革不斷深化，多數居民的住房條件得到了較大改善。但部分城市低收入家庭住房還比較困難。今年政府工作報告強調，要加大財稅等政策的支持力度，幫助解決低收入家庭的住房困難。國務院部署建設部等有關部門，在充分調查研究基礎上，起草了《若干意見》。8月7日，國務院已經正式印發實施。這是國務院關于解決民生問題的又一重大決策。8月24日，國務院召開了全國住房工作會議，就貫徹落實《若干意見》進行部署。曾培炎副總理出席會議并做了重要講話。
《若干意見》要求把解決城市低收入家庭住房困難作為維護群眾利益的重要工作和住房制度改革的重要內容，作為政府公共服務的一項重要職責，加快建立健全以廉租住房制度為重點、多渠道解決城市低收入家庭住房困難的政策體系。
《若干意見》明確了以下基本原則：一是立足國情，滿足基本居住需要。二是統籌規劃，分步解決。三是政府主導，社會參與。四是統一政策、因地制宜；五是省級負總責，市縣抓落實。
二、關于《若干意見》的主要政策規定
一是擴大廉租住房制度的保障范圍。“十一五”期末，全國廉租住房制度保障范圍要擴大到低收入住房困難家庭。2007年底前，所有設區的城市要對符合規定住房困難條件、申請廉租住房租賃補貼的城市低保家庭基本做到應保盡保；2008年底前，所有縣城要基本做到應保盡保。東部地區和其他有條件的地區在2008年底之前將廉租住房制度擴大到低收入家庭。
二是健全廉租住房制度的各項規定。（1）合理確定廉租住房對象標準和保障標準。具體標準由各市縣人民政府根據當地人均收入和人均住房水平的一定比例確定。（2）以發放租賃住房補貼和實物配租相結合，完善廉租住房保障方式。（3）多渠道增加廉租住房房源。要通過政府新建、收購、改建以及社會捐贈等方式多渠道籌集房源，小戶型租賃住房短缺和房屋租金較高的地區，近期政府要加大建設力度。新建廉租住房主要在經濟適用住房小區和普通商品住房小區中配建，也可以集中建設。
三是確保廉租住房保障資金來源。地方財政要將廉租住房保障資金納入年度預算安排；住房公積金增值凈收益全部用于廉租住房建設；土地出讓凈收益用于廉租住房保障資金的比例不得低于10％。對于中西部財政困難地區，中央財政給予專項支持。
四是改進和規范經濟適用住房制度。經濟適用住房供應對象為城市低收入家庭；套型建筑面積控制在60平方米左右；購房滿5年以上方可出售，出售時應當按照屆時同地段普通商品住房與經濟適用住房差價的一定比例向政府交納土地收益等價款。結構性矛盾突出、房價上漲較快的地區要加大建設規模。同時，還要求集資合作建房嚴格按照經濟適用住房的有關規定執行。
五是逐步改善棚戶區、舊住宅區和農民工的居住條件。對集中成片的棚戶區，城市人民政府要制定改造計劃，因地制宜進行改造。對可整治的舊住宅區要積極進行房屋維修養護、配套設施完善、環境整治和建筑節能改造。要求按照“城市統籌規劃、用工單位負責、政府政策引導”的原則，多渠道改善農民工居住條件。
三、關于健全住房保障工作機制
一是要落實經濟政策和用地政策。對保障性住房建設，免收各種行政事業性收費、政府性基金；實行劃撥方式供應土地，并在年度用地計劃中優先安排、保證供應。同時，要求加強規劃設計管理，確保工程質量、功能質量。
二是健全工作機制。要求抓緊開展低收入家庭住房狀況調查，在今年年底前建立低收入住房困難家庭檔案，制定工作目標、發展規劃和年度計劃，并落實資金和用地；要求健全廉租住房制度和經濟適用住房制度中的申請、審核和公示辦法，嚴格開展申請人家庭收入、住房狀況的調查審核，健全退出機制。
三是落實工作責任。省級人民政府負總責，實行目標責任制管理，加強監督指導，納入對市縣政府的考核。城市政府要加強領導，健全工作機構；每年要在《政府工作報告》中向同級人大報告工作完成情況。國務院有關部門將加快制定有關的資金、土地、稅收、金融等配套政策，加強監督檢查。
四、關于加強房地產市場宏觀調控
近年來，房地產市場調控取得積極成效。但商品住房市場供應結構仍不盡合理，一些地方供求矛盾突出。今年以來，部分城市特別是東部沿海大城市商品住房價格上漲幅度較大。下一步，要繼續抓好國務院關于房地產市場調控政策的落實，在加大廉租住房和經濟適用住房供應的同時，重點抓好以下工作：
一是，大力增加普通住房供應，加大住房供應結構調整力度，堅持落實好“兩個70％” 以及限價房政策，重點發展中低價位、中小套型普通商品住房，穩定房價。
二是，調控和引導住房需求。完善有區別的稅收、信貸政策，堅決打擊投機性購房，有效抑制投資性購房，加大對大套型住房需求的調控力度，引導居民合理的住房消費。
三是，嚴厲打擊房地產開發銷售過程中的違法違規行為。加強全過程監管，嚴肅查處違法規劃、虛假廣告、合同欺詐等行為，特別是要堅決查處對囤積土地、捂盤惜售、惡意炒作和哄抬房價等違法違規行為。
Speech on the Press Conference of the State Council Information Office
August 30, 2007
Qi Ji Vice Minister
Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China
Ladies and gentlemen,
Good morning.
According to the arrangement of the state press office, I will first brief you the work of drafting Opinions on Solving Housing Difficulty for Urban Low-Income Families.
I. The drafting process, guidelines and principles
The CPC and State Council place high emphasis on the people’s housing problems. Since the reform and opening-up, the urban housing system reform has been carried out, and most residents’ housing conditions has been greatly improved. Still some urban low-income families face housing difficulty. This year’s work report of the government stressed, we should help them solve housing difficulty by adopting more supportive policies such as finance and tax. The State Council appointed Ministry of Construction and other relevant departments to draft the Opinions on the basis of full investigation and study. On August7, the Opinions have been put into effect, which is a significant decision aiming to solving people’s living problems by the State Council. On August 24, the State Council convened National Housing Working Conference, giving guidance on the implementation. On that meeting, Vice Premier Mr. Zeng Peiyan made an important speech.
The Opinions requires that we view the work of solving housing difficulty for urban low-income families as the major component of protecting people’s interests and the housing system reform, and as an important responsibility of the government’s public service. We should speed up to establish the policy system of focusing on the low-rent housing system and solving housing difficulty for urban low-income families by multiple channels.
The Opinions clarifies the following basic principles. The first one is to base on the national conditions and to satisfy the basic needs of residents. The second one is to make integrated plan and to proceed by steps. The third one is government-leading and social participation. The fourth one is to unify the policies and to consider local special conditions. The fifth one is that the provincial government takes the overall responsibility and the city and county government put into execution.
II. The main policy provisions
First, the coverage of low-rent housing security should be expanded. By the end of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, the policy would have covered the low-income families. By the end of 2007, all the cities with districts should guarantee the housing of the low-income families who apply for low-rent housing subsidies and meet the related requirements. By the end of 2008, all the counties should make it as the cities do. Meantime, by the end of 2008, the eastern area and other advanced developed areas should incorporate the low-income families into the low-rent housing system.
Second, the provisions on the low-rent housing system should be perfected. The selection criteria for beneficiary and standards of the security should be rationally identified. The specific standards should be formulated by the city and county government based on a certain percentage of the local average income and housing level. The rental subsidy should be supplemented by the supply of rental housing to form a complete low-rent housing mode. The stock of low-rent housing should be created by multiple channels, such as newly built, purchased, or rebuilt by the government or donated by the society. In those areas in which small rental-apartments are in shortage and housing rents are high, the government should build more housing for rent. The newly built low-rent housing could be scattered in the affordable housing district and common commercial housing district, or be built as a cluster.
Third, the capital for low-rent housing security should be ensured. The local finance should incorporate it into the annual budget. The net income of the Housing Provident Fund should totally be used to low-rent housing construction. No less than 10% of the net income of the land transfer should be expensed to guarantee low-rent housing. The central government will earmark special fund to support the middle and western areas.
Fourth, the affordable housing system needs to be improved and regulated. The beneficiaries of the affordable housing are low-income families. The building area per apartment should be limited to around 60 square meters. The affordable housing can only be on sale 5 years after the purchase. A part of the sale price will be compensated to the government as the land revenue based on a certain percentage of the price gap between the economically affordable housing and the common commodity housing at the sale time. In those areas with unbalanced housing structure and surging housing price, the development scale of economically affordable housing should be expanded. In addition, the fund-raising cooperative housing development should be carried out on the regulations of the affordable housing.
Fifth, the living conditions of the shantytown, old resident districts, and migrated workers’ temporary housing should be gradually improved. The city government should make redevelopment plan for the shantytown based on the local conditions. In the old residential districts, the housing should be repaired and maintained, the associated facilities should be constructed, the environment should be improved and the energy-saving renovation should be launched. To improve the living conditions of the migrated worker, we should practice on the principles of unified planning, employers’ accountability and governments’ policy guidance.
III. Perfect housing security working system
First is to put in place the economic policy and land policy. The housing development for security purpose will be exempted from administrative fees and government fund. The land will be prioritized and ensured in the annual land use plan and supplied by direct transfer. Meanwhile, the administration on the planning and design will be intensified to ensure the projects’ quality and functions.
Second is to perfect the working system. The investigation on the housing conditions of the low-income families should be conducted right away and the files of the low-income families with housing difficulty should be created by the end of this year. The objectives, the development plan and the annual plan need to be worked out, and the capital and land need to be ready. The system of application, review and examination, and publicity for the low-rent housing and affordable housing should be improved, the investigation and examination on the applicants’ family income and housing conditions should be strictly conducted, and the exit system should be in place.
Third is to identify roles and responsibilities. The provincial governments take the overall responsibilities, manage by objectives, strengthen the supervision and guidance, and appraise the performance of the city governments. The city governments need to enhance leadership, improve the working institution, and report to the people’s congress of the same level through the annual government work report. The relevant departments of the State Council will speed up to work out the associated policies concerning the capital, land providing, tax and finance, and intensify the inspection and supervision.
IV. Strengthen the macro-regulation on the real estate market
In recent years, the regulation and control on the real estate market has obtained positive results. However, commercial housing market supply structure is still unreasonable. The gap between the housing demand and supply in some areas is remarkable, and since this year, the housing prices increase in an accelerated trend in some cities, especially the coast big cities in east China. We should make every effort to execute the regulation and control policy on the real estate market made by the State Council. Besides increasing the supply of the low-rent housing and affordable housing, we will focus on the following three aspects:
First is to increase the supply of common commercial housing, and to adjust the housing supply structure. We should stick to the policy of two 70% and price ceiling, put more stress on the development of low-and-middle price housing and medium-and-small-size apartment, and stabilize housing prices.
Second is to influence the housing demand. By adopting the differentiated tax policy and credit policy, we should crack down on the speculative action, restrain the housing purchase on investment purpose, and regulate and control the demand of large-size apartment, which will contribute to a rational housing consumption.
Third is to rigorously stop the illegal actions in the process of housing development and sale. We should strengthen the supervision and administration on all the process, check and punish the illegitimate behavior such as illegal planning, false advertisement and contract fraud, particularly the actions of stocking up lands, bidding up price, dishonest publicity, speculating on housing prices, etc.
Now, I am glad to take your questions on the “Opinions” and National Housing Working Conference.